ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืฉืขืœ
ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ

ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ

ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ

ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื, ื•ื–ื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื˜, ื”ื ืžืกืข ืจืฆื•ืฃ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืช, ื”ืชื ืกื•ื™ื•ืช, ืืชื’ืจื™ื, ืืš ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื’ื ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื. ืื—ื“ ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชื’ืจืฉ ื›ื™ื•ื ื•ืžื•ืฆื ืืช ืขืฆืžื•, ืœืขื™ืชื™ื, ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืคืจื™ื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื›ืฉืขืฆืžื” ืงืฉื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืคืจื•ืฆื“ื•ืจื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ. ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืจ ื•ืขื ื›ืžื” ืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืงืขื™ื, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชืžื—ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ.

ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืžื›ื™ืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื•ืฉื ื•ื™ืขืฉื” ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื. ืื ืืชื ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืืชื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืฉืขืœ, ื”ืžืชืžื—ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื™ืฉืžื— ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืœืจืฉื•ืชื›ื.

ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœืกื™ื•ืข ืฉืœ ืขื•"ื“ ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืื• ืขื•"ื“ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื”ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื–ื”ื™ืจื”, ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืฉืงืขื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฆื•ื ื ื”ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ื—ืœืง. ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ื ืคืฉื™ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช, ื”ื™ื ืืชื’ืจ ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜. ืืš, ื›ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืขื–ืจืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ื.

ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”

ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•"ื“ ืžืฉื” ืฉืขืœ ืžืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™, ืขื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืคื•ืขืœ. ื–ื”ื• ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ืง ื“ื™ื ืžื™, ืฉืžืชื ื”ืœ ืžืชื•ืš ืงืฉื‘ ืžืœื ืœื›ืœ ืœืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื”ื‘ื ืช ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืื“ื ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืฆื•ืžืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.

ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ

ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžื˜ื‘ืขืŸ. ื›ืœ ื˜ืขื•ืช, ื•ืœื• ื”ืงืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืงื ื™ื™ื” ืื• ืžื›ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื ื›ืก ืžื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ (ื“ื™ืจื”, ืงืจืงืข, ื—ื ื•ืช, ืžืฉืจื“) ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื ื–ืงื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื’ื ื‘ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช. ื”ืžืกืงื ื” ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉืช: ืœื ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื•ื ืžืกืžืš, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื‘ืœื™ ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ืขื•"ื“ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ.

ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืคื•ืขืœ

ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืกื›ื•ื ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืืชื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื• ืžื›ื— ืฉื˜ืจ (ืฉื™ืง) ื•/ืื• ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•/ืื• ืคืกืง ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” – ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืคื•ืขืœ. ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื’ื•ืฃ ื–ื”, ืื•ืœื, ืขืœ-ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืคื•ืขืœ ื›ื“ืื™ ื•ืืฃ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ .

ื–ืžื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ืช

ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” "ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ืจืื™ื”", ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื "ื–ืžื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ืช" – ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ. ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืœื“/ื™ื, ื‘ืจืืฉ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช.

ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ

ื‘ืžืื” ื”-21 ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื›ื–ื•ื’ ื ืฉื•ื™ ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ืชื—ืชื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™. ืœื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ – ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื‘ื—ืจื• ืœื ืœื”ื™ื ืฉื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ื–ื• ืœื ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื (ืœืžืฉืœ ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ื—ื“ ืžื™ื ื™ื™ื) – ื™ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช,

ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืžืžื•ืŸ

ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืกื›ื ืžืžื•ืŸ ื ืชืคืฉื” ืื•ืœื™ ื›ืฆืขื“ ืื ื˜ื™-ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™, ื›ื–ื” ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืกืชื™ืจื” ืœืžื”ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ื•ืœืืžื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’, ืื‘ืœ ื›ื™ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ื”ืคืš ื”ื•ื ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ: ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืกื›ื ืฉืžืคืจื˜ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช,

ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื

ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื ืคื™ืฆื”. ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืกืคืง ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืจืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืื•ืชื” ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื, ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืงื•ืœื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช ืžื“ื™.

ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืฉืืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”? ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื•ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืืœื™ื›ื